课程进度 78% · 第18/22章第18/22章 · 标签 1/4
— 1 —
多进程
进程创建与管理、进程间通信、进程池。
php
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// 1. 基本进程创建
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function create_process($callback) {
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$pid = pcntl_fork();
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if ($pid == -1) {
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die("无法创建子进程");
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} elseif ($pid) {
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// 父进程
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return $pid;
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} else {
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// 子进程
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$callback();
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exit(0);
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}
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}
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// 2. 进程池示例
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class ProcessPool {
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private $size;
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private $processes = [];
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public function __construct($size) {
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$this->size = $size;
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}
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public function start($callback) {
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for ($i = 0; $i < $this->size; $i++) {
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$pid = pcntl_fork();
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if ($pid == -1) {
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die("无法创建子进程");
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} elseif ($pid) {
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$this->processes[$pid] = true;
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} else {
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$callback($i);
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exit(0);
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}
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}
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}
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public function wait() {
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while (count($this->processes) > 0) {
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$pid = pcntl_wait($status);
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if ($pid > 0) {
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unset($this->processes[$pid]);
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}
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}
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}
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}
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// 3. 共享内存通信
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function shared_memory_example() {
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$key = ftok(__FILE__, "t");
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$shm_id = shmop_open($key, "c", 0644, 100);
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if (pcntl_fork() == 0) {
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shmop_write($shm_id, "Hello from child", 0);
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exit(0);
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} else {
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pcntl_wait($status);
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$data = shmop_read($shm_id, 0, 100);
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echo $data;
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shmop_delete($shm_id);
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shmop_close($shm_id);
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}
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}
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// 4. 信号处理
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function signal_handler($signo) {
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switch ($signo) {
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case SIGTERM:
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echo "收到终止信号\n";
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exit(0);
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break;
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case SIGCHLD:
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echo "子进程结束\n";
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pcntl_waitpid(-1, $status);
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break;
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}
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}
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pcntl_signal(SIGTERM, "signal_handler");
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pcntl_signal(SIGCHLD, "signal_handler");
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— 2 —
多线程
线程创建与管理、线程同步、线程安全。
php
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// 1. 使用pthreads扩展
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class WorkerThread extends Thread {
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private $id;
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public function __construct($id) {
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$this->id = $id;
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}
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public function run() {
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echo "线程 {$this->id} 开始执行\n";
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sleep(1);
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echo "线程 {$this->id} 执行完成\n";
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}
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}
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// 2. 线程池示例
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class ThreadPool {
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private $size;
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private $threads = [];
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public function __construct($size) {
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$this->size = $size;
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}
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public function start() {
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for ($i = 0; $i < $this->size; $i++) {
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$thread = new WorkerThread($i);
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$thread->start();
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$this->threads[] = $thread;
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}
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}
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public function wait() {
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foreach ($this->threads as $thread) {
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$thread->join();
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}
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}
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}
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// 3. 线程同步（Mutex）
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class Counter {
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private $value = 0;
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private $mutex;
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public function __construct() {
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$this->mutex = Mutex::create();
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}
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public function increment() {
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Mutex::lock($this->mutex);
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$this->value++;
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Mutex::unlock($this->mutex);
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}
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public function getValue() {
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return $this->value;
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}
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}
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// 4. 线程安全数据结构
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class ThreadSafeArray extends Threaded {
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public function add($value) {
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$this->synchronized(function($value) {
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$this[] = $value;
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}, $value);
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}
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}
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